Eastern Indonesia is one of the least well-understood geological domains on Earth, yet the region provides a remarkable location for unraveling some of the major puzzles of plate tectonics. 30 broadband seismometers were deployed across the transition from subduction to collision from 2014-2018 to image the deep Earth.

Underworld Geodynamics Modelling software

Observations of seismic phases sampling the lower mantle have suggested Ultra Low Velocity Zones (ULVZs), a possible perovskite to postperovskite related D” layer, Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs), and rolling-hills of primordial material on the core-mantle boundary (CMB).